The pump is the heart of the fluid transportation system. It can suck in the fluid, increase its pressure, and then discharge it from the pump outlet. The existence of the pump greatly enhances the efficiency.
Pumps can be mainly classified into two types: dynamic pumps and positive displacement pumps.
A dynamic pump is a type of fluid transportation equipment that converts the mechanical energy of the motor into the kinetic energy of the fluid. It usually consists of a rotating impeller that sucks the fluid into the pump, and then uses the impeller to push the fluid, causing the pressurized fluid to be discharged from the outlet.
Dynamic pumps have the characteristics of high efficiency and strong adaptability. They are generally used for fluid transportation with large flow rates and medium to high pressures. Centrifugal pumps are the most widely used type among dynamic pumps. Centrifugal pumps mainly generate centrifugal force by the rotation of the impeller to suck in the fluid. The high-speed rotation of the impeller increases the pressure of the fluid, and then it is discharged from the outlet.
Name
Work method
Characteristics
Vertical centrifugal pump
The vertical centrifugal pump sucks in the fluid below the liquid surface and transports it to the ground through the pipeline.
Small in terms of floor area
Adjustable in length
Adaptable
Horizontal centrifugal pump
By utilizing centrifugal force to draw in the fluid and converting it into the pressure of the fluid.
Simple structure
Low failure rate
Easy to install and maintain
Submersible pump
The submersible pump sucks in the fluid in the water and then transports it to the ground through the pipeline.
Underwater work
No cavitation
High efficiency
1
Vertical centrifugal pump
Working principle: Centrifugal force is generated at the bottom of the pump shaft to draw in the fluid. The fluid then flows through the discharge pipe of the vertical pump and is transported to a position above the liquid surface.
Features: It can be easily installed at a position below the liquid surface, with a small footprint, adjustable length, and strong adaptability.
Application scenario: Widely used in sewage treatment plants, petrochemical industries, mines and other scenarios, capable of transporting fluids such as clean water, sewage, industrial wastewater, and mine slurry.
2
Horizontal centrifugal pump
Working principle: Horizontal centrifugal pumps are centrifugal pumps placed horizontally and are widely used.
Features: Simple structure, low failure rate, reliable operation. Easy to install and maintain.
Application scenario: Horizontal centrifugal pumps are applicable in industries such as irrigation, mining, metallurgy, shield construction, and dredging, and are suitable for large-scale fluid transportation.
3
Submersible pump
Working principle: The main difference between a submersible pump and other centrifugal pumps is that the submersible pump is submerged in water, thus having an initial static water pressure. The impeller rotates to push the fluid rather than draw it in, which means it has higher efficiency.
Features: The submersible pump can work completely submerged in water, which can prevent cavitation and is more efficient.
Application scenario: Submersible pumps are used in municipal water supply, agricultural irrigation, dredging, mining and other working conditions that require underwater operations.
The above content provides an introduction to the working principles and characteristics of three types of pumps: vertical centrifugal pumps, horizontal centrifugal pumps, and submersible pumps.
